If you're thinking about opening a salon, these 10 tips will be critical in helping you develop an effective, successful business plan. A hair salon can be a steady, profitable business, but before you open one, you need a strong business plan and preparation. Finding a niche for your salon helps you attract a loyal client base. The most important things a salon needs to succeed are a good culture, knowledgeable employees and an understanding of what its services are worth. When it comes to owning a business, a hair salon is a pretty safe bet – the beauty industry is valued at $532 billion per year. Beauty is also a steady business, often remaining unaffected during economic recessions. But even if you have the styling skills, launching your own business can be a challenging process that requires patience and know-how. The cost of opening your own salon is around $62,000 for a basic setup, but it can go up to $500,000 or even more. No matter how much you invest in your new business, you’ll want to do everything you can to ensure your salon’s success. The cost of opening a salon Before mapping out your finances and securing funding, you’ll want to consider what, exactly, you need funding for. Here are some common salon setup costs for aspiring owners: Licenses and permits: To open a salon, you’ll need a business license and any permits required in your area. If you plan on selling products, you’ll also need a seller’s permit. Real estate: You’ll have to find a place to either rent or buy. If you choose to pay a monthly lease, you’ll likely have to provide a security deposit upfront. Payroll: This involves salaries or wages for the employees you hire, and all the associated benefits you choose to offer. Salon equipment: A salon requires a ton of equipment, like beauty supplies, sinks, chairs and hair dryers. You may also need a POS system, computer, business phone system and more. Inventory: If you plan to sell cosmetics or other products, you’ll want to stock up on your inventory before opening. Insurance: To legally cover your business, you’ll want to set aside money for a decent insurance plan. These are just some of the many costs of opening a salon. Keep a checklist of possible salon expenses so you know what to account for when acquiring funding. Financing for a salon Salons are often seen as high-risk businesses, and many banks are hesitant to invest. However, there are many alternatives to traditional loans. Here are some popular financing options for salons. SBA loans With low rates and fast payback periods, SBA loans are perfect for small startups. However, these loans are relatively competitive, so you’ll need a strong credit score to qualify. Also, if you need immediate funding, you’ll want to look elsewhere. Microloans Microloans are much easier to attain than traditional SBA loans, because you don’t need an expansive credit history or time in business. SBA microloans can be up to $50,000. Just make sure you have a solid business plan in place before trying to secure your loan. Alternative lenders Alternative lenders tend to be much more accessible (and immediate) than other sources of capital. If you need quick money, you might consider a term loan, asset-based loan, credit card or business line of credit. Equipment financing You need a decent amount of equipment to run a salon, like chairs, sinks and hair dryers. When you’re starting out, it can be difficult to afford all these purchases. With equipment financing, you’ll receive a loan to front these payments, so you can start off on the right foot without breaking the bank. Rather than buying all-new equipment, consider leasing it to reduce the upfront cost. Some lenders also offer equipment financing, which uses the equipment as collateral; you would then make regular payments until the value of the equipment is repaid with interest. How to develop a salon marketing plan Marketing is an essential process for every business, but certain tactics work better for some businesses than others. When opening a local salon, you’ll want to focus on becoming a part of your community. Since you’re a brick-and-mortar business (i.e., you operate out of a physical location), building your local following is crucial for you to attract and retain loyal clients. Salon marketing requires technique and consistency. Here are some tips for marketing your salon: List yourself in online directories. To show up in digital searches, you’ll have to make sure your business is listed in online directories. Manage online reviews. Consumers tend to trust online ratings and reviews to vet local businesses. It’s important to address every review you receive – especially the bad ones. Partner with local small businesses. Partnering with another business in your community will help you broaden your reach and build a reputation for your brand in the area. Host events or coordinate deals with your partner businesses to offer your customers an exclusive experience. Offer referral discounts. If an existing customer recruits another client to your salon, you should reward the recruiter with some sort of discount. This will encourage people to spread the word about your business. Create loyalty incentives. Loyal customers deserve special treatment. To show your clients you appreciate them, create incentives like discounts, punch cards and special promotions. Utilize social media. Your social media is a place for customers to get to know you on a more personal level. Connect with your community by following other small businesses in the area, engaging with your target market and sharing behind-the-scenes content (like before and after photos of clients’ haircuts) to build your credibility and cultivate brand awareness. Opening a salon Check out these 10 expert tips to start off your salon on the right foot. 1. Create a salon business plan. Writing a business plan should be your first step when starting any business. It provides you with a clear objective, outlines how you will achieve that objective, and gives you a good idea of what you need to do to be successful. [Read related article: Guide to Creating a Business Plan With Template] “A business plan is key to starting a salon,” said Ali Ryan, owner of The Dry House. “The plan offers a road map for salon owners to follow and helps entrepreneurs consider all areas of the business. A business plan makes sure you set up a metric for success and consider the financials before you invest huge amounts of time and money in a new salon.” Make sure you have a good understanding of the existing salon market in your area, including how large it is, if it is growing and the trends. This will help you to plan exactly how you will compete against other salons. You should also have a strong idea of your target audience, said Michelle Lee, co-owner and master designer of Salon Eva Michelle. “Think about what kind of salon you want to open [and] what culture you want.” 2. Research your local laws and regulations. Laws and regulations vary by where you live and what type of salon you are opening. For example, a salon that strictly provides hair services will require different licenses from a salon that also offers facials or massages. “Do your research,” said Shanell Jett, owner and stylist at Jettset Mobile Studio. “Ensure that you are complying with the state laws and regulations. If you have to make some adjustments to your plan because of regulations and laws, do so early so that you can avoid potentially having to stop your operation later or [having to pay] a fine.” These are some of the common licenses, regulations and permits required for salons: Salon license Cosmetology license(s) Employer Identification Number (EIN) Building permit Sanitation OSHA requirements 3. Find a way to make your salon stand out. “With salons on every corner, even in small towns, entering into the market with a specialty or service niche can dramatically increase buzz and press about your opening,” said Pamela Jeschonek, owner of Everyday Esthetics Eyebrow Studio. Think about what makes your salon unique. Is it the services you offer? Your attentive staff? Your customized experiences? Whatever it may be, try to make it a focal point of your identity and grow your business from there. In other words, find your niche. Growing your business in a niche market is much easier than trying to succeed in a large, general market. A niche market gives you more security against failure and a chance to find out what works well (and what doesn’t) for your business by allowing you to interact more closely with your customers. “Even if you do offer many services, promoting a niche or specialty service not only will help you attract a very loyal client base, but will instantly lend credibility to your salon as the experts in your niche space,” said Jeschonek. 4. Talk to distributors. To obtain products for your salon – such as chairs, mirrors, washing and drying stations, shampoo, conditioner, pins, and brushes – you will need to contact a distributor. You can find local, wholesale or national distributors with local agents. For larger items, like chairs and dryers, you will need to work with a large wholesale distributor like Belvedere Maletti or Takara Belmont. You can purchase smaller items from a local distributor or directly from a manufacturer, like Paul Mitchell or Estée Lauder. When you begin your distributor search, remember to shop carefully and consider every prospect. Look at price points and the customer support (like advice or consulting) different distributors offer, and ask if they offer any deals or perks. 5. Develop a solid client base. As a salon owner, you should place your clients and their experience at the top of your priority list. This will create return customers who, over time, will form a reliable customer base. “My No. 1 tip for aspiring entrepreneurs before they open up a salon is to have a number of professional clients of your own that will cover your overhead,” said speaker and entrepreneur Sandra LaMorgese. “With a solid client base of your own, you’ll be in a better position to call the shots.” 6. Choose the right location to open your salon. Whether you buy a building or rent a retail space, your location is one of the biggest expenses of opening a salon, and there are many factors to consider when making this decision. It should be in a well-populated area and easily accessible by car or public transportation. Also make sure you are far enough away from competitors that offer the same services as your salon. “Secure a solid location with plenty of parking,” said Jim Salmon, vice president of business services at Navy Federal Credit Union. “If you make it convenient for clients to visit your salon, you’ll have more customers, which in turn means more revenue to pay off your initial loan and to put toward growth expenses.” 7. Hire a designer. If you have the financial means, hiring a designer to help you create your salon can reduce stress and ensure an appealing, functional workspace. A designer can help you determine an overall look and feel that is consistent with the image you want to project. “Work[ing] with a designer or space planner [can] ensure you are maximizing your revenue potential for the space,” said Miriam Deckert, marketing director at SalonSmart. “If construction work is needed, try to negotiate those costs in your lease agreement.” Deckert recommends taking advantage of space in the center of the salon with double-sided stations or couches for waiting guests. You should know the dimensions of each area before you shop for equipment or furniture. 8. Focus on your staff. Your salon is only as good as the people you employ to help run it. Because beauty is such a personal industry, it is vital to retain a skilled, knowledgeable and friendly staff. “I would advise any new salons to invest time in the training and motivation of the staff,” said Jennifer Quinn, digital marketing executive at Phorest Salon Software. “Your salon will be built around your stylists and technicians, [so] ensuring they are comfortable with upselling products and other treatments across the brand is the difference between success and failure.” Taking the time to train your employees thoroughly will help your business run more smoothly and maintain a professional reputation. “Being passionate about your staff’s growth is important,” said Lee. “Be a leader, not a boss.” 9. Think about your clients. “Create a vision for how you want clients to feel, what you want them to experience and what adjectives clients will use when describing their experience,” said Samira Far, founder of Bellacures. “This will help in developing a look, feel and atmosphere.” As you start out, gather feedback from your clients about what they like and don’t like about your salon. Outline in your business plan how you intend to meet clients’ needs and wants as much as possible and show your customers that you value and act on their input. 10. Charge what you’re worth. It can be difficult to decide how much to charge for your services, particularly when you are just starting out with your own business. After you do some research and get a ballpark idea of what someone with your level of training could charge, you should carefully consider your own skills and training and determine a price based on that – not what others in your area are charging. “You don’t know anything about them or their skill set,” said Sheryl Miller, owner of Fringe Hair Art. “I charged $60 a haircut when I first opened in a town where the most expensive haircut was $38. I had 25 years of training and education to get here. Some people thought I was crazy and wouldn’t get it. Not only did I get it, [but] I have since raised [prices] to $70 and keep billing. If you are great at what you do, people will pay for it.” Kiely Kuligowski and Brittney Morgan contributed to the reporting and writing in this article. Source interviews were conducted for a previous version of this article.

10 Things to Do Before Opening a Salon

Whether you’re an independent stylist renting booth space or a small business owner managing a hair salon, procuring essential hair salon products and equipment can be a daunting task. With the breadth of products and multiple channels available to shop for goods, it may take you hours reviewing websites as you attempt to compare suppliers in hopes of securing the best value. For this reason, the most effective way to purchase essential hair salon supplies is through an online store with multiple sellers. This allows purchasers to save both time and money by consolidating suppliers and enabling buyers to review several products at once. Amazon Business, brings together hundreds of thousands of sellers in one place to offer everything you may need to setup a new hair salon and features top brands including MorrocanOil, R+Co, amika as well as an assortment of hair tools recommended for professional stylists. In addition, online retailers like Amazon Business provide business owners with access to convenient and time-saving benefits including product reviews and a personalized shopping experience. Based on your search and purchase history, online stores offer recommendations to assist you in finding what you need and can introduce you to new products that may offer a better value. We also offers a premium shopping experience to licensed professional stylists through the Amazon Professional Beauty Store that provides a curated selection of over ten thousand professional beauty products. The tailored selection available through the Amazon Professional Beauty Store makes it easy for licensed beauty professionals to source the essential supplies they need for their salon or booth space while utilizing business features including free shipping, wholesale pricing and no order minimums. To get started, visit the Amazon Professional Beauty Store to sign up for an Amazon Business account and submit your beauty license! List of essential supplies needed to setup a new hair salon The Amazon Professional Beauty Store offers helpful features including the ability to view top-selling products that other trusted businesses buy most frequently as well as highly rated products. These features can be beneficial to small business owners who are preparing to open a new salon or independent stylists looking to stock their booth space and need essential supplies ideas. Here’s a list of the items most professional stylists will need to get up and running. Salon essentials Bleach safe salon hand towels Professional salon hairdressing cape Hair styling clips Hair dye coloring brushes Professional hair dye gloves Hair color processing caps Heat resistant styling station mat Hair color mixing bowls Salon equipment Hair wash basin Barber station mat Stylist apron Beauty salon trolley rolling cart Hydraulic reclining barber chair Hand towels Hair scissors and shears holding rack Heat resistant mats and gloves Professional hair tools Hair dryer Curling iron Straightening iron Diffuser Hard hat dryer Roller hairsetter Round hair brush Detangling comb Professional hair colors Color powder lightener Color activating lotion Liquid hair toner Crème developer Semi-permanent hair color Masque hair color Conditioning cream color Demi permanent hair color How Amazon Business can help Now that you have a good understanding of the salon essentials you’ll need, be sure to take advantage of the benefits available on Amazon Business when you are ready to purchase salon essential products. Below are some key features to consider: Professional-Use Only products and Wholesale Pricing: licensed beauty professionals have access to discounted wholesale prices on some products without any quantity minimums. Tax exemption: with resale certificates Business Prime Duo: Duo is an add-on for small business owners already shopping on Amazon.com with an Amazon Prime membership, to add work benefits to their Amazon Business account at a special price of $69/year for 1 user. Duo lets independent stylists track business orders, invoices, and taxes separately while continuing to access free shipping on both household and business purchases, but don’t want to pay $298/year for both an Amazon Prime membership and a Business Prime Essentials membership. Automate frequent purchases: For items you use often, activate recurring delivery for business. Out of hand towels or caps every week? No problem. Just set recurring delivery on your preferred product to avoid stockouts and eliminate the hassle of reordering. Track your inventory: Closely tracking inventory is an essential step in operating an efficient business. The right approach is to not over purchase—which results in clutter—but to buy the right volume at the right time. Cost: Look for transparency when it comes to pricing and compare prices with those offered from other vendors. Also, choose suppliers who offer a variety of discounts for high-volume orders.

Where to buy essential supplies to setup a new hair salon

ype 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease characterized by inadequate or absent insulin production due to the autoimmune destruction of beta (β) cells in the pancreas. It was once called "juvenile diabetes" since the disease frequently occurs in children, but it can also develop in adults. According to the International Diabetes Federation, an estimated 700 million adults will suffer from diabetes by 2045. Although the exact cause of diabetes remains unknown, it is hypothesized that genetic factors, environmental factors, and exposure to certain viruses play a role in the development of T1D. To date, exogenous insulin is the most common treatment for T1D. However, it is not a cure for the disease. Islet cell transplantation and pancreatic transplantation are two additional treatments that have gained popularity in recent years, but their clinical application may be limited by the need for high doses of immunosuppressants, the rarity of human cadaveric islets, and the need for extensive surgery in pancreatic transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a highly promising novel treatment for T1D and their discovery has advanced biological sciences by allowing for modification of cell fate and the development of higher-order cellular structures. They play an essential role in lowering levels of fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, and C-peptide, and in treating microvascular complications associated with T1D. However, some of the disadvantages of its use in clinical practice are limited to its method of collection, proliferation rate, cell activity with age, and the risk of tumour formation identified in some studies. Large-scale studies are required to discover the mechanism of action of MSCs after administration as well as the optimal route, dose, and timing to maximize the benefits to patients. This article focuses primarily on the role of MSCs in the treatment of T1D and compares the feasibility, benefits, and drawbacks of MSCs in the treatment of T1D. Introduction & Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in absolute insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. It is primarily a disease of youth, accounting for approximately 85% of cases in people under the age of 20 and 5% to 10% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes [1,2]. Although the exact mechanisms are unknown, T1D is thought to develop through immune system activation against β-cell antigens and the initiation of proinflammatory cytokine responses. Environmental factors, obesity, viral infections, and nutritional factors were found to play a role in the pathophysiology as well [3]. T1D predisposes to a number of comorbidities, such as obesity, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. Such predispositions may account for higher mortality rates, affecting up to one in 10 adult patients within a year of diagnosis [4]. In fact, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is said to account for up to 40% of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases worldwide. Cardiovascular events account for up to 70% of T1D deaths and are 10 times more common in diabetics than in non-diabetics [5]. Therefore, it is critical to focus on novel therapies that aim to reduce the risks of acute complications such as hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) while avoiding long-term complications such as DN, neuropathy, and retinopathy [5]. Exogenous insulin is currently the most prevalent treatment for T1D. Although exogenous insulin administration may be life-saving, it is not a cure for the disease. If patients are unable to maintain tight glycemic control by strictly adhering to their insulin regimen, they will invariably develop severe secondary complications that may shorten their life span [6]. Exogenous insulin is not a viable substitute for normal pancreatic islet function, mainly due to the absence of accurate temporal glucose control over time [7]. The administration of insulin can also result in hypoglycemic episodes [6]. A cross-sectional study conducted in Mexico revealed that patients' fear of hypoglycemic episodes prevented them from complying with their insulin treatment plan [8]. Replacement of the defective insulin-producing cells (IPC) is yet another potential therapy for T1D. This is possible through transplantation of the pancreas. Since the first pancreatic transplant took place in 1966, over 50,000 such transplants have been performed worldwide. Patients with T1D who receive a pancreatic transplant were found to have a reduced risk of subsequent complications and a longer life expectancy [9]. However, since transplantation is a major surgical procedure, patients must be fit for surgery [6]. Transplants necessitate permanent immunosuppression, which may put patients at risk for a variety of infections. In addition, they are associated with a number of postoperative complications, such as pancreatitis, due to low tolerance to cold ischemia, bleeding, thrombosis, and anastomotic leakage, which may require relaparotomy and graft pancreatectomy in recipients [9]. An alternative to pancreatic transplantation that is both safe and effective is islet cell transplantation. Scharp et al. published the first case of allogeneic intraportal islet transplantation for T1D in 1990, which led to short-term insulin independence and paved the way for clinical islet transplantation [10]. Despite the fact that the immunosuppressive regimen reported from Edmonton, Canada, also known as the Edmonton protocol (the Edmonton protocol introduced significant adjustments to the transplantation procedure, including the use of an immunosuppressive regimen free of steroids and the transplanting of an average islet mass of 11,000 islet equivalents per kilogram) has achieved unprecedented success in islet transplantation in terms of insulin independence, a number of factors continue to influence the outcome of this minimally invasive procedure [11]. Islet cell transplantation can induce a rapid inflammatory reaction in the circulation, leading to the loss of the vast majority of transplanted islets. The use of large doses of immunosuppressants during transplantation compromises the long-term viability and function of the graft, and the need for long-term immunosuppressive medications after the transplant poses a risk of organ damage, malignancies, new infections, and new-onset T1D in patients [12]. The high cost of islet transplantation and the paucity of human cadaveric islets highlight the urgent need for innovative pancreatic islet transplantation procedures [7]. This is where stem cells (SCs) pose an important role. SCs are a highly promising novel treatment for T1D due to their ability to differentiate into several cell types and their regenerative potential. SCs can be categorized into four basic groups based on their origin as shown in Figure 1. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also called mesenchymal stromal cells, are non-hematopoietic, multipotent SCs. They can be extracted from a variety of sources, including bone marrow, liver, kidney, adipose tissue, urine, umbilical cord blood, umbilical tissue, Wharton's jelly, placenta, and even endometrial tissue (menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells - MenSC). Several surface markers, including CD73, CD90, and CD105, can be utilized to identify MSCs. Due to their ability to differentiate into numerous cell types, they can be used to repopulate damaged tissues [13,14]. MSCs have gained enormous popularity in the treatment of T1D because of their ability to regulate fibrosis and tissue regeneration, as well as their ability to modulate immunological function. In addition, they produce a variety of secretory molecules, such as cytokines and exosomes, which play an essential role in the treatment of T1D [15]. Studies on animals treated with MSCs have shown a significant reduction in hyperglycemia, as evaluated by a decrease in serum glucose and an increase in insulin and C-peptide levels. In addition, they were able to restore normal levels of lipid fractions. Using MSCs lowered the serum levels of both liver and kidney function markers in diabetic rats, demonstrating their hepato-renal protective benefits in T1D [16]. Several mechanisms have been discovered to play a role in the management of T1D by MSCs (Figure 2).

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

A head of hair

a head of hair No one says "Zowie! What a chevelure on that kid!" But that shouldn't stop you from emitting such an exclamation upon seeing a child with an arresting head of hair. Chevelure has been used in English since the 15th century, when it was borrowed from the French who'd had the word since the days of Old French centuries before, but in the form chevelëure. Chevelëure, in turn, had its genesis in the Late Latin capillatura, from Latin capillatus, meaning "having long hair." These Latin words may remind you of capillary, and with good reason: the name of that smallest kind of blood vessel also comes ultimately from capillus, meaning "hair." Disheveled is also a relation of chevelure, which we think lends some potency to other underused utterances along the lines of "That ride in the cabriolet was invigorating, but it left my chevelure sorely disheveled." (We are only trying to help.) Frowze image1582599448 noun : frizzed hair specifically : a frizzed wig Though terribly obscure, frowze is such an evocative term that we feel its obscurity amounts to a kind of deprivation from which English speakers unnecessarily suffer. As your humble dictionary, we would like to suggest that if your hairdo is a mass of tight curls perhaps you could refer to it as your frowze. And if you could Insta that, please, there might be hope. #frowze #nofilter Trichologist image120593359 noun : a person who specializes in hair and scalp care broadly : a person whose occupation is the dressing or cutting of hair : a hairdresser While the term trichologist typically refers to someone who studies and treats hair and scalp ailments, it is also sometimes applied to those whose job is to dress and cut hair, which means most of us have occasion to use the word trichologist and simply let the opportunity pass us by. You, dear reader, can do better. Trichologist has the close lexical relation you'd expect: trichology refers to the scientific study of hair. The first element in each traces back to the Greek trich- or thrix, meaning "hair." Glabrous image492935782 adjective : smooth especially : having a surface without hairs or projections It's not a typical usage, but technically there's nothing stopping you from using glabrous to describe a gloriously hair-free pate, as in "The glabrous among us are spared the agony of a disheveled chevelure." Glabrous has been in use since the first part of the 17th century, and while it is now primarily used by those engaged in such fields as horticulture and botany to describe smooth leaves and the like, mammals may be so characterized as well. For those of you who prefer more conventional mammalian use, you can apply the word especially to areas of skin that do not grow hair, such as the soles of the human feet. For anyone who feels that glabrous just isn't enough, we have also glabrescent, which means "glabrous or tending to become glabrous." Both words come from Latin glabr-, glaber, meaning "smooth, bald." Lovelock image164597862 noun : a long lock of hair variously worn (as over the front of the shoulder) especially by men in the 17th and 18th centuries Sometimes a change in fashion results in staggering lexical loss. We can't say that's actually the case with lovelock, but it is a lovely sounding word that no one uses anymore. (It does have some function as a surname, so there's that.) Lovelock is far more romantic-sounding than the similar earlock, which has referred to a curl of hair hanging in front of the ear since the earliest days of the English language. We don't bemoan its relative absence from the living language nearly so much. Soap Lock image1350435023 noun 1 : a lock of hair plastered down with soap —usually used in plural 2 : a person wearing a soap lock And while we are on the topic of locks of various kinds, we would be remiss not to address the word soap lock. This 19th century innovation has a sniff of disapproval to it. The following example is not untypical: We have tens of thousands of young men doing nothing. There must be work somewhere if they will only do it. They stand round, with soap locks and scented pocket-handkerchiefs, tipping their hats to the ladies; while, instead of waiting for business to come to them, they ought to go to work and make a business. — T. DeWitt Talmage, Around the Tea-Table, 1847 The lock that refers to a tuft, tress, or ringlet of hair is the language's own, tracing back to Old English locc. It shares an ancient ancestor with the Old High German loc, also meaning "lock." Frisette image67400794 noun : a fringe of hair or curls worn on the forehead by women It's not our fault that people don't take advantage of the word frisette. It's an option that could in theory bring some unity to the bangs/fringe divide that sews such enmity between the Americans with their bangs and the British with their fringes. (Note: We know of no significant enmity on this front.) Despite appearances, frisette and fringe are unrelated etymologically. The former comes from the French friser, meaning "to curl," while fringe comes from Latin fimbria, "border, fringe." Quiff image807121454 noun : a prominent forelock The word quiff is mostly used in British English, and its meaning in that dialect has changed since its earliest use in the late 19th century. While Merriam-Webster's dictionaries deem the quiff merely "a prominent forelock," the Oxford English Dictionary goes into more detail, telling us that the term initially referred to a forelock whose prominence is notable in the fact of its being plastered down onto the forehead, and later that the prominence so identified is notable in its being brushed up and back from the forehead. No one knows where the word comes from, but we do appreciate its SCRABBLE playability. It is also not unpleasant to say.

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Thursday 6 October 2022

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